睾酮
Definition
A testosterone test measures the amount of the male hormone, testosterone, in the blood. 男性和女性都会产生这种激素.
The test described in this article measures the total amount of testosterone in the blood. Much of the testosterone in the blood is bound to a protein called sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Another blood test can measure the "free" testosterone. 然而,这种类型的测试通常不是很准确.
选择的名字
血清睾酮
如何执行测试
A
如何准备考试
The health care provider may advise you to stop taking medicines that may affect the test.
考试的感觉如何
You may feel a slight prick or sting when the needle is inserted. 之后可能会有一些悸动.
为什么要进行测试
This test may be done if you have symptoms of abnormal male hormone (androgen) production.
In males, the testicles produce most of the testosterone in the body. Levels are most often checked to evaluate signs of abnormal testosterone such as:
- 青春期早期或晚期(男孩)
- 不孕症,
勃起功能障碍 ,低水平的性兴趣,或骨骼变薄 (in men)
In females, the ovaries produce most of the testosterone. The adrenal glands can also produce too much of other androgens that are converted to testosterone. Levels are most often checked to evaluate signs of higher testosterone levels, such as:
- 粉刺、油性皮肤
- 声音的变化
- 乳房变小
- 毛发生长过多(深色), 胡须部位的粗毛, beard, sideburns, chest, buttocks, 大腿内侧)
- 阴蒂增大
- 月经不规律或没有月经期
- 男性型秃顶或头发稀疏
正常的结果
这些测试的正常测量值:
- Male: 300 to 1,000 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL) or 10 to 35 nanomoles per liter (nmol/L)
- 女性:15至70毫微克/分升或0.5 to 2.4 nmol/L
The examples above are common measurements for results for these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different specimens. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.
异常结果意味着什么
Certain health conditions, medicines, or injury can lead to
总睾酮降低可能是由于:
- 慢性疾病
脑下垂体不产生 正常数量的部分或全部激素- Problem with areas of the brain that control hormones (hypothalamus)
- 甲状腺功能低下
- 青春期延迟
- Diseases of the testicles (trauma, cancer, infection, immune, iron overload)
- Benign tumor of the pituitary cells that produce too much of the hormone prolactin
- 体脂过多(肥胖)
- 睡眠问题(阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停)
- Chronic stress from too much exercise (overtraining syndrome)
总睾酮水平升高可能是由于:
- Resistance to the action of male hormones (androgen resistance)
- 卵巢肿瘤
- 睾丸癌
先天性肾上腺增生 - Taking medicines or drugs that increase testosterone level (including some supplements)
References
陈志,Legro RS, Ehrmann DA,魏东. 女性雄激素过量失调. In: Robertson RP, ed. DeGroot's Endocrinology: Basic Science and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 124.
Haddad NG, Eugster EA. 青春期失调的内分泌学. In: Robertson RP, ed. DeGroot's Endocrinology: Basic Science and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 103.
王超. The testis and male hypogonadism, infertility, and sexual dysfunction. 见:高德曼L,库尼KA,编. Goldman-Cecil医学. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 216.
审核日期: 02/28/2024
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A开发的信息.D.A.M., Inc. regarding tests and test results may not directly correspond with information provided by UCSF Health. Please discuss with your doctor any questions or concerns you may have.